Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
U K A Z
O RAZGLASITVI ZAKONA O RATIFIKACIJI KONVENCIJE O VARNOSTI OSEBJA ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV IN SPREMLJEVALNEGA OSEBJA (MKVOZN)
Razglašam Zakon o o ratifikaciji Konvencije o varnosti osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja (MKVOZN), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji 2. oktobra 2003.
Št. 001-22-90/03
Ljubljana, dne 10. oktobra 2003
Predsednik
Republike Slovenije
dr. Janez Drnovšek l. r.
Z A K O N
O RATIFIKACIJI KONVENCIJE O VARNOSTI OSEBJA ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV IN SPREMLJEVALNEGA OSEBJA (MKVOZN)
1. člen
Ratificira se Konvencija o varnosti osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja, sestavljena 9. decembra 1994 v New Yorku.
2. člen
Konvencija se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in v prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:
C O N V E N T I O N
ON THE SAFETY OF UNITED NATIONS AND ASSOCIATED PERSONNEL
The States Parties to this Convention,
Deeply concerned over the growing number of deaths and injuries resulting from deliberate attacks against United Nations and associated personnel,
Bearing in mind that attacks against, or other mistreatment of, personnel who act on behalf of the United Nations are unjustifiable and unacceptable, by whomsoever committed,
Recognizing that United Nations operations are conducted in the common interest of the international community and in accordance with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations,
Acknowledging the important contribution that United Nations and associated personnel make in respect of United Nations efforts in the fields of preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peace-keeping, peace-building and humanitarian and other operations,
Conscious of the existing arrangements for ensuring the safety of United Nations and associated personnel, including the steps taken by the principal organs of the United Nations, in this regard,
Recognizing none the less that existing measures of protection for United Nations and associated personnel are inadequate,
Acknowledging that the effectiveness and safety of United Nations operations are enhanced where such operations are conducted with the consent and cooperation of the host State,
Appealing to all States in which United Nations and associated personnel are deployed and to all others on whom such personnel may rely, to provide comprehensive support aimed at facilitating the conduct and fulfilling the mandate of United Nations operations,
Convinced that there is an urgent need to adopt appropriate and effective measures for the prevention of attacks committed against United Nations and associated personnel and for the punishment of those who have committed such attacks,
Have agreed as follows:
Article 1
Definitions
For the purposes of this Convention:
(a) “United Nations personnel“ means:
(i) Persons engaged or deployed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations as members of the military, police or civilian components of a United Nations operation;
(ii) Other officials and experts on mission of the United Nations or its specialized agencies or the International Atomic Energy Agency who are present in an official capacity in the area where a United Nations operation is being conducted;
(b) “Associated personnel“ means:
(i) Persons assigned by a Government or an intergovernmental organization with the agreement of the competent organ of the United Nations;
(ii) Persons engaged by the Secretary-General of the United Nations or by a specialized agency or by the International Atomic Energy Agency;
(iii) Persons deployed by a humanitarian non-governmental organization or agency under an agreement with the Secretary-General of the United Nations or with a specialized agency or with the International Atomic Energy Agency,
to carry out activities in support of the fulfilment of the mandate of a United Nations operation;
(c) “United Nations operation“ means an operation established by the competent organ of the United Nations in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and conducted under United Nations authority and control:
(i) Where the operation is for the purpose of maintaining or restoring international peace and security; or
(ii) Where the Security Council or the General Assembly has declared, for the purposes of this Convention, that there exists an exceptional risk to the safety of the personnel participating in the operation;
(d) “Host State“ means a State in whose territory a United Nations operation is conducted;
(e) “Transit State“ means a State, other than the host State, in whose territory United Nations and associated personnel or their equipment are in transit or temporarily present in connection with a United Nations operation.
Article 2
Scope of application
1. This Convention applies in respect of United Nations and associated personnel and United Nations operations, as defined in article 1.
2. This Convention shall not apply to a United Nations operation authorized by the Security Council as an enforcement action under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations in which any of the personnel are engaged as combatants against organized armed forces and to which the law of international armed conflict applies.
Article 3
Identification
1. The military and police components of a United Nations operation and their vehicles, vessels and aircraft shall bear distinctive identification. Other personnel, vehicles, vessels and aircraft involved in the United Nations operation shall be appropriately identified unless otherwise decided by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
2. All United Nations and associated personnel shall carry appropriate identification documents.
Article 4
Agreements on the status of the operation
The host State and the United Nations shall conclude as soon as possible an agreement on the status of the United Nations operation and all personnel engaged in the operation including, inter alia, provisions on privileges and immunities for military and police components of the operation.
Article 5
Transit
A transit State shall facilitate the unimpeded transit of United Nations and associated personnel and their equipment to and from the host State.
Article 6
Respect for laws and regulations
1. Without prejudice to such privileges and immunities as they may enjoy or to the requirements of their duties, United Nations and associated personnel shall:
(a) Respect the laws and regulations of the host State and the transit State; and
(b) Refrain from any action or activity incompatible with the impartial and international nature of their duties.
2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall take all appropriate measures to ensure the observance of these obligations.
Article 7
Duty to ensure the safety and security of United Nations and associated personnel
1. United Nations and associated personnel, their equipment and premises shall not be made the object of attack or of any action that prevents them from discharging their mandate.
2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure the safety and security of United Nations and associated personnel. In particular, States Parties shall take all appropriate steps to protect United Nations and associated personnel who are deployed in their territory from the crimes set out in article 9.
3. States Parties shall cooperate with the United Nations and other States Parties, as appropriate, in the implementation of this Convention, particularly in any case where the host State is unable itself to take the required measures.
Article 8
Duty to release or return United Nations and associated personnel captured or detained
Except as otherwise provided in an applicable status-of-forces agreement, if United Nations or associated personnel are captured or detained in the course of the performance of their duties and their identification has been established, they shall not be subjected to interrogation and they shall be promptly released and returned to United Nations or other appropriate authorities. Pending their release such personnel shall be treated in accordance with universally recognized standards of human rights and the principles and spirit of the Geneva Conventions of 1949.
Article 9
Crimes against United Nations and associated personnel
1. The intentional commission of:
(a) A murder, kidnapping or other attack upon the person or liberty of any United Nations or associated personnel;
(b) A violent attack upon the official premises, the private accommodation or the means of transportation of any United Nations or associated personnel likely to endanger his or her person or liberty;
(c) A threat to commit any such attack with the objective of compelling a physical or juridical person to do or to refrain from doing any act;
(d) An attempt to commit any such attack; and
(e) An act constituting participation as an accomplice in any such attack, or in an attempt to commit such attack, or in organizing or ordering others to commit such attack,
shall be made by each State Party a crime under its national law.
2. Each State Party shall make the crimes set out in paragraph 1 punishable by appropriate penalties which shall take into account their grave nature.
Article 10
Establishment of jurisdiction
1. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the crimes set out in article 9 in the following cases:
(a) When the crime is committed in the territory of that State or on board a ship or aircraft registered in that State;
(b) When the alleged offender is a national of that State.
2. A State Party may also establish its jurisdiction over any such crime when it is committed:
(a) By a stateless person whose habitual residence is in that State; or
(b) With respect to a national of that State; or
(c) In an attempt to compel that State to do or to abstain from doing any act.
3. Any State Party which has established jurisdiction as mentioned in paragraph 2 shall notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations. If such State Party subsequently rescinds that jurisdiction, it shall notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
4. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the crimes set out in article 9 in cases where the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite such person pursuant to article 15 to any of the States Parties which have established their jurisdiction in accordance with paragraph 1 or 2.
5. This Convention does not exclude any criminal jurisdiction exercised in accordance with national law.
Article 11
Prevention of crimes against United Nations and associated personnel
States Parties shall cooperate in the prevention of the crimes set out in article 9, particularly by:
(a) Taking all practicable measures to prevent preparations in their respective territories for the commission of those crimes within or outside their territories; and
(b) Exchanging information in accordance with their national law and coordinating the taking of administrative and other measures as appropriate to prevent the commission of those crimes.
Article 12
Communication of information
1. Under the conditions provided for in its national law, the State Party in whose territory a crime set out in article 9 has been committed shall, if it has reason to believe that an alleged offender has fled from its territory, communicate to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and, directly or through the Secretary-General, to the State or States concerned all the pertinent facts regarding the crime committed and all available information regarding the identity of the alleged offender.
2. Whenever a crime set out in article 9 has been committed, any State Party which has information concerning the victim and circumstances of the crime shall endeavour to transmit such information, under the conditions provided for in its national law, fully and promptly to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the State or States concerned.
Article 13
Measures to ensure prosecution or extradition
1. Where the circumstances so warrant, the State Party in whose territory the alleged offender is present shall take the appropriate measures under its national law to ensure that person’s presence for the purpose of prosecution or extradition.
2. Measures taken in accordance with paragraph 1 shall be notified, in conformity with national law and without delay, to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and, either directly or through the Secretary-General, to:
(a) The State where the crime was committed;
(b) The State or States of which the alleged offender is a national or, if such person is a stateless person, in whose territory that person has his or her habitual residence;
(c) The State or States of which the victim is a national; and
(d) Other interested States.
Article 14
Prosecution of alleged offenders
The State Party in whose territory the alleged offender is present shall, if it does not extradite that person, submit, without exception whatsoever and without undue delay, the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, through proceedings in accordance with the law of that State. Those authorities shall take their decision in the same manner as in the case of an ordinary offence of a grave nature under the law of that State.
Article 15
Extradition of alleged offenders
1. To the extent that the crimes set out in article 9 are not extraditable offences in any extradition treaty existing between States Parties, they shall be deemed to be included as such therein. States Parties undertake to include those crimes as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be concluded between them.
2. If a State Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another State Party with which it has no extradition treaty, it may at its option consider this Convention as the legal basis for extradition in respect of those crimes. Extradition shall be subject to the conditions provided in the law of the requested State.
3. States Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall recognize those crimes as extraditable offences between themselves subject to the conditions provided in the law of the requested State.
4. Each of those crimes shall be treated, for the purposes of extradition between States Parties, as if it had been committed not only in the place in which it occurred but also in the territories of the States Parties which have established their jurisdiction in accordance with paragraph 1 or 2 of article 10.
Article 16
Mutual assistance in criminal matters
1. States Parties shall afford one another the greatest measure of assistance in connection with criminal proceedings brought in respect of the crimes set out in article 9, including assistance in obtaining evidence at their disposal necessary for the proceedings. The law of the requested State shall apply in all cases.
2. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not affect obligations concerning mutual assistance embodied in any other treaty.
Article 17
Fair treatment
1. Any person regarding whom investigations or proceedings are being carried out in connection with any of the crimes set out in article 9 shall be guaranteed fair treatment, a fair trial and full protection of his or her rights at all stages of the investigations or proceedings.
2. Any alleged offender shall be entitled:
(a) To communicate without delay with the nearest appropriate representative of the State or States of which such person is a national or which is otherwise entitled to protect that person’s rights or, if such person is a stateless person, of the State which, at that person’s request, is willing to protect that person’s rights; and
(b) To be visited by a representative of that State or those States.
Article 18
Notification of outcome of proceedings
The State Party where an alleged offender is prosecuted shall communicate the final outcome of the proceedings to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit the information to other States Parties.
Article 19
Dissemination
The States Parties undertake to disseminate this Convention as widely as possible and, in particular, to include the study thereof, as well as relevant provisions of international humanitarian law, in their programmes of military instruction.
Article 20
Savings clauses
Nothing in this Convention shall affect:
(a) The applicability of international humanitarian law and universally recognized standards of human rights as contained in international instruments in relation to the protection of United Nations operations and United Nations and associated personnel or the responsibility of such personnel to respect such law and standards;
(b) The rights and obligations of States, consistent with the Charter of the United Nations, regarding the consent to entry of persons into their territories;
(c) The obligation of United Nations and associated personnel to act in accordance with the terms of the mandate of a United Nations operation;
(d) The right of States which voluntarily contribute personnel to a United Nations operation to withdraw their personnel from participation in such operation; or
(e) The entitlement to appropriate compensation payable in the event of death, disability, injury or illness attributable to peace-keeping service by persons voluntarily contributed by States to United Nations operations.
Article 21
Right of self-defence
Nothing in this Convention shall be construed so as to derogate from the right to act in self-defence.
Article 22
Dispute settlement
1. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention which is not settled by negotiation shall, at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration. If within six months from the date of the request for arbitration the parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by application in conformity with the Statute of the Court.
2. Each State Party may at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention or accession thereto declare that it does not consider itself bound by all or part of paragraph 1. The other States Parties shall not be bound by paragraph 1 or the relevant part thereof with respect to any State Party which has made such a reservation.
3. Any State Party which has made a reservation in accordance with paragraph 2 may at any time withdraw that reservation by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 23
Review meetings
At the request of one or more States Parties, and if approved by a majority of States Parties, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall convene a meeting of the States Parties to review the implementation of the Convention, and any problems encountered with regard to its application.
Article 24
Signature
This Convention shall be open for signature by all States, until 31 December 1995, at United Nations Headquarters in New York.
Article 25
Ratification, acceptance or approval
This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 26
Accession
This Convention shall be open for accession by any State. The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 27
Entry into force
1. This Convention shall enter into force thirty days after twenty-two instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession have been deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
2. For each State ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to the Convention after the deposit of the twenty-second instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the deposit by such State of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
Article 28
Denunciation
1. A State Party may denounce this Convention by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
2. Denunciation shall take effect one year following the date on which notification is received by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 29
Authentic texts
The original of this Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall send certified copies thereof to all States.
DONE at New York this ninth day of December one thousand nine hundred and ninety-four.
K O N V E N C I J A
O VARNOSTI OSEBJA ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV IN SPREMLJEVALNEGA OSEBJA
Države pogodbenice te konvencije
so globoko zaskrbljene nad naraščajočim številom smrti in poškodb, ki so posledica namernih napadov na osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje,
upoštevajo, da so napadi na osebje, ki deluje v imenu Združenih narodov, ali kakršno koli drugo grobo ravnanje z njim neopravičljivi in nesprejemljivi ne glede na to, kdo jih zagreši,
ugotavljajo, da se operacije Združenih narodov izvajajo v skupnem interesu mednarodne skupnostiter v skladu z načeli in cilji Ustanovne listine Združenih narodov,
priznavajo pomemben prispevek osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja k prizadevanjem Združenih narodov na področju preventivne diplomacije, vzpostavljanja miru, vzdrževanja miru, utrjevanja miru ter humanitarnih in drugih operacij,
se zavedajo obstoječih dogovorov za zagotavljanje varnosti osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja, vključno z ukrepi, ki so jih v zvezi s tem sprejeli glavni organi Združenih narodov,
prav tako ugotavljajo, da so obstoječi ukrepi za zaščito osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja neprimerni,
priznavajo, da se učinkovitost in varnost operacij Združenih narodov izboljšata tam, kjer se take operacije izvajajo s soglasjem in sodelovanjem države gostiteljice,
pozivajo vse države, kamor je osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje napoteno, in vse druge, na katere se tako osebje lahko zanaša, naj zagotovijo celovito podporo za lažje izvajanje in izpolnjevanje mandata operacij Združenih narodov,
so prepričane, da je nujno treba sprejeti ustrezne in učinkovite ukrepe za preprečevanje napadov na osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje in za kaznovanje tistih, ki so zagrešili take napade, in
so se zato dogovorile:
1. člen
Pomen izrazov
V tej konvenciji:
a) “osebje Združenih narodov“ pomeni:
i) osebe, ki jih generalni sekretar Združenih narodov vključi ali napoti kot člane vojaških, policijskih ali civilnih sestavov operacije Združenih narodov;
ii) druge uradnike ali strokovnjake na misiji Združenih narodov ali njihovih specializiranih agencij ali Mednarodne agencije za jedrsko energijo, ki so po uradni dolžnosti prisotni na območju, na katerem se izvaja operacija Združenih narodov;
b) “spremljevalno osebje“ pomeni:
i) osebe, ki jih določi vlada ali medvladna organizacija s soglasjem pristojnega organa Združenih narodov;
ii) osebe, ki jih vključi generalni sekretar Združenih narodov ali specializirana agencija ali Mednarodna agencija za jedrsko energijo;
iii) osebe, ki jih napoti humanitarna nevladna organizacija ali agencija po sporazumu z generalnim sekretarjem Združenih narodov ali s specializirano agencijo ali z Mednarodno agencijo za jedrsko energijo,
da bi opravljale dejavnosti v podporo izpolnjevanja mandata operacije Združenih narodov;
c) “operacija Združenih narodov“ pomeni operacijo, ki jo pripravi pristojni organ Združenih narodov v skladu z Ustanovno listino Združenih narodov in se izvaja pod pristojnostjo in nadzorom Združenih narodov:
i) kadar je operacija namenjena vzdrževanju ali ponovni vzpostavitvi mednarodnega miru in varnosti ali
ii) kadar Varnostni svet ali Generalna skupščina za namene te konvencije razglasi, da obstaja izjemno tveganje za varnost osebja, ki sodeluje v operaciji;
d) “država gostiteljica“ pomeni državo, na katere ozemlju se izvaja operacija Združenih narodov;
e) “država tranzita“ pomeni državo, ki ni država gostiteljica, na ozemlju katere sta osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje ali njuna oprema v tranzitu ali sta začasno prisotni v zvezi z operacijo Združenih narodov.
2. člen
Obseg uporabe
1. Ta konvencija se uporablja za osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje ter operacije Združenih narodov, kot so opredeljeni v 1. členu.
2. Ta konvencija se ne uporablja za operacijo Združenih narodov, ki poteka po odločitvi Varnostnega sveta kot izvajanje ukrepov v skladu s VII. poglavjem Ustanovne listine Združenih narodov, v katero so člani osebja vključeni kot borci proti organiziranim oboroženim silam in za katero se uporablja pravo, ki ureja mednarodne oborožene spopade.
3. člen
Identifikacija
1. Vojaški in policijski sestavi Združenih narodov in njihova vozila, plovila in zrakoplovi so jasno označeni. Drugo osebje, vozila, plovila in zrakoplovi, ki so vključeni v operacijo Združenih narodov, se ustrezno označijo, razen če generalni sekretar Združenih narodov ne odloči drugače.
2. Vse osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje imata pri sebi ustrezne identifikacijske listine.
4. člen
Sporazumi o statusu operacije
Država gostiteljica in Združeni narodi čim prej sklenejo sporazum o statusu operacije Združenih narodov in osebja, ki je vključeno v operacijo, med drugim tudi z določbami o privilegijih in imunitetah vojaških in policijskih sestavov operacije.
5. člen
Tranzit
Država tranzita omogoči neoviran tranzit osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja ter njune opreme na poti v državo gostiteljico in iz nje.
6. člen
Spoštovanje zakonov in predpisov
1. Ne glede na privilegije in imunitete, ki jih lahko uživata osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje, ali na zahteve glede njunih dolžnosti osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje:
a) spoštujeta zakone in predpise države gostiteljice in države tranzita in
b) se vzdržita vsakega dejanja ali dejavnosti, ki ni združljiva z nepristransko in mednarodno naravo njunih dolžnosti.
2. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov sprejme vse ustrezne ukrepe za zagotovitev spoštovanja teh obveznosti.
7. člen
Dolžnost zagotoviti varnost osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja
1. Osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje, njuna oprema in prostori ne smejo biti predmet napada ali kakršnega koli dejanja, ki bi jima preprečilo izvrševanja mandata.
2. Države pogodbenice ukrenejo vse potrebno za zagotovitev varnosti osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja. Države pogodbenice še posebej sprejmejo vse ustrezne ukrepe za zaščito osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja, ki sta napoteni na njihovo ozemlje, pred kaznivimi dejanji iz 9. člena.
3. Pri izvajanju te konvencije države pogodbenice, kadar je to primerno, sodelujejo z Združenimi narodi in drugimi državami pogodbenicami, predvsem kadar država gostiteljica sama ne more sprejeti zahtevanih ukrepov.
8. člen
Dolžnost izpustiti ali vrniti osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje, ki sta zajeti ali pridržani
Razen če ni drugače določeno v veljavnem sporazumu o statusu sil, se osebje Združenih narodov ali spremljevalno osebje, kadar je med opravljanjem svojih dolžnosti ujeto ali pridržano in je bila ugotovljena njegova identiteta, ne sme zasliševati in se nemudoma izpusti in vrne Združenim narodom ali drugim ustreznim oblastem. Do izpustitve se z osebjem ravna v skladu s splošno priznanimi standardi s področja človekovih pravic ter z načeli in v duhu Ženevskih konvencij iz leta 1949.
9. člen
Kazniva dejanja zoper osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje
1. Naklepna dejanja:
a) umora, ugrabitve ali drugega napada na osebo ali svobodo pripadnika osebja Združenih narodov ali spremljevalnega osebja;
b) nasilnega napada na uradne prostore, zasebne prostore ali na prevozna sredstva osebja Združenih narodov ali spremljevalnega osebja, kar bi lahko ogrozilo pripadnika osebja ali njegovo svobodo;
c) grožnje s takim napadom z namenom, da se fizična ali pravna oseba prisilili, da kaj stori ali opusti;
d) poskusa storitve kakega takega napada in
e) dejanja, ki pomenijo sodelovanje kot sostorilec v kakem takem napadu ali poskusu takega napada ali pri organiziranju ali ukazovanju drugim, naj izvršijo tak napad,
vsaka država pogodbenica določa kot kaznivo dejanje po svojem notranjem pravu.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica za kazniva dejanja, navedena v prvem odstavku, določi ustrezne kazni ob upoštevanju resnosti kaznivega dejanja.
10. člen
Sodna pristojnost
1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme takšne ukrepe, ki so potrebni za uveljavitev sodne pristojnosti nad kaznivimi dejanji iz 9. člena, v naslednjih primerih:
a) kadar je kaznivo dejanje storjeno na ozemlju te države ali na ladji ali zrakoplovu z registracijo v tej državi;
b) kadar je domnevni storilec državljan te države.
2. Država pogodbenica lahko uveljavi sodno pristojnost nad vsakim kaznivim dejanjem, kadar:
a) ga stori oseba brez državljanstva, ki običajno prebiva v tej državi, ali
b) je storjeno v zvezi z državljanom te države ali
c) je storjeno kot poskus prisiliti to državo, naj kako dejanje stori ali se vzdrži storitve kakega dejanja.
3. Država pogodbenica, ki uveljavi sodno pristojnost iz drugega odstavka, o tem uradno obvesti generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov. Če se država pogodbenica pozneje odpove sodni pristojnosti, o tem uradno obvesti generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov.
4. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme potrebne ukrepe za uveljavitev sodne pristojnosti v zvezi s kaznivimi dejanji iz 9. člena, kadar je domnevni storilec na njenem ozemlju in ga ne izroči v skladu s 15. členom kateri od držav pogodbenic, ki uveljavlja sodno pristojnost v skladu s prvim ali drugim odstavkom.
5. Ta konvencija ne izključuje pristojnosti v kazenskih zadevah, ki se izvaja v skladu z notranjim pravom.
11. člen
Preprečevanje kaznivih dejanj zoper osebje Združenih narodov in spremljevalno osebje
Države pogodbenice sodelujejo pri preprečevanju kaznivih dejanj iz 9. člena predvsem:
a) s sprejetjem vseh izvedljivih ukrepov za preprečevanje priprav na storitev teh kaznivih dejanj na svojem ozemlju ali zunaj njega in
b) z izmenjavo podatkov v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom in z usklajevanjem sprejemanja ustreznih upravnih in drugih ukrepov za preprečevanje storitve teh kaznivih dejanj.
12. člen
Sporočanje podatkov
1. Pod pogoji, predvidenimi v njenem notranjem pravu, država pogodbenica, na katere ozemlju je bilo storjeno kaznivo dejanje iz 9. člena – če ima razlog, da verjame, da je domnevni storilec pobegnil z njenega ozemlja – sporoči generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov in neposredno ali prek generalnega sekretarja zadevni državi ali državam vsa ustrezna dejstva v zvezi s storjenim kaznivim dejanjem in vse razpoložljive podatke v zvezi z identiteto domnevnega storilca.
2. Kadar koli je storjeno kaznivo dejanje iz 9. člena, si vsaka država pogodbenica, ki ima podatke o žrtvi in okoliščinah kaznivega dejanja, prizadeva za popoln in hiter prenos takih podatkov generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov in zadevni državi ali državam pod pogoji, predvidenimi v njenem notranjem pravu.
13. člen
Ukrepi za zagotovitev pregona ali izročitve
1. Kadar razmere to dovoljujejo, država pogodbenica, na katere ozemlju je prisoten domnevni storilec, sprejme ustrezne ukrepe za zagotovitev prisotnosti te osebe za namen pregona ali izročitve v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom.
2. Ukrepi, sprejeti v skladu s prvim odstavkom, se v skladu z notranjim pravom brez odlašanja uradno sporočijo generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov in neposredno ali prek generalnega sekretarja:
a) državi, v kateri je bilo storjeno kaznivo dejanje;
b) državi ali državam, katerih državljan je domnevni storilec, ali če gre za osebo brez državljanstva, državi, na ozemlju katere ima ta oseba svoje običajno prebivališče;
c) državi ali državam, katerih državljan je žrtev, in
d) drugim zainteresiranim državam.
14. člen
Pregon domnevnih storilcev
Država pogodbenica, na ozemlju katere je prisoten domnevni storilec, predloži – če te osebe ne izroči – brez vsakršne izjeme in brez nepotrebnega odlašanja to zadevo v obravnavo pristojnim organom za namen pregona po postopkih v skladu z zakoni te države. Ti organi sprejmejo odločitev na enak način kot pri vsaki običajni hujši kršitvi po zakonih te države.
15. člen
Izročitev domnevnih storilcev
1. Če za kazniva dejanja iz 9. člena ni predvidena izročitev v kateri od pogodb o izročitvi med državami pogodbenicami, se šteje, da so kot taka vključena v pogodbo. Države pogodbenice se obvezujejo, da bodo ta kazniva dejanja kot izročitvena kazniva dejanja vključile v vsako pogodbo o izročitvi, ki jo bodo sklenile.
2. Če država pogodbenica, ki izročitev pogojuje z obstojem pogodbe, prejme zahtevo za izročitev od druge države pogodbenice, s katero nima pogodbe o izročitvi, lahko po lastni presoji šteje to konvencijo kot pravno podlago za izročitev v zvezi s takimi kaznivimi dejanji. Za izročitev veljajo pogoji, ki jih predvideva zakon zaprošene države.
3. Države pogodbenice, ki izročitve ne pogojujejo z obstojem pogodbe, taka kazniva dejanja med seboj priznavajo kot izročitvena v skladu s pogoji, ki jih predvidevajo zakoni zaprošene države.
4. Za vsako od teh kaznivih dejanj velja za namen izročitve med državami pogodbenicami, kot da bi bilo storjeno ne le na kraju, kjer je bilo storjeno, ampak tudi na ozemljih držav pogodbenic, ki so uveljavile svojo sodno pristojnost v skladu s prvim ali drugim odstavkom 10. člena.
16. člen
Medsebojna pravna pomoč v kazenskih zadevah
1. Države pogodbenice si v največji možni meri medsebojno pomagajo v zvezi s kazenskimi postopki, uvedenimi za kazniva dejanja iz 9. člena, vključno s pomočjo pri pridobivanju razpoložljivega dokaznega gradiva, ki je potrebno za postopek. V vseh primerih se uporabljajo zakoni zaprošene države.
2. Določbe prvega odstavka ne vplivajo na obveznosti v zvezi z medsebojno pravno pomočjo, ki je določena s katero koli drugo pogodbo.
17. člen
Pošteno obravnavanje
1. Vsaki osebi, ki je v postopku preiskave ali v kazenskem postopku v zvezi s katerim koli kaznivim dejanjem iz 9. člena, se zagotovijo pošteno obravnavanje, pošteno sojenje in polno varstvo njenih pravic na vseh stopnjah preiskave ali postopka.
2. Vsak domnevni storilec ima pravico:
a) da se brez odlašanja pogovori z najbližjim primernim predstavnikom države ali držav, katerih državljan je ta oseba, ali ki je kako drugače upravičen varovati pravice te osebe, ali če je ta oseba brez državljanstva, predstavnikom države, ki je na prošnjo te osebe pripravljena varovati njene pravice, in
b) da ga obišče predstavnik take države ali držav.
18. člen
Obvestilo o izidu postopka
Država pogodbenica, v kateri se preganja domnevni storilec, sporoči končni izid postopka generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov, ki informacijo posreduje drugim državam pogodbenicam.
19. člen
Seznanjanje
Države pogodbenice se obvezujejo, da bodo to konvencijo razširjale v največjem možnem obsegu in zlasti da bodo proučevanje te konvencije in ustreznih določb mednarodnega humanitarnega prava vključile v svoje programe vojaškega usposabljanja.
20. člen
Omejevalne določbe
Nič v tej konvenciji ne vpliva na:
a) uporabo mednarodnega humanitarnega prava in splošno priznanih standardov človekovih pravic, ki jih vsebujejo mednarodni instrumenti v zvezi z zaščito operacij Združenih narodov ter njihovega osebja in spremljevalnega osebja ali odgovornostjo tega osebja, da spoštuje takšne zakone in standarde;
b) pravice in obveznosti držav v skladu z Ustanovno listino Združenih narodov v zvezi s soglasjem za vstop oseb na njihova ozemlja;
c) obveznost osebja Združenih narodov in spremljevalnega osebja, da delujeta v skladu s pogoji mandata operacije Združenih narodov;
d) pravico držav, ki prostovoljno prispevajo osebje za operacijo Združenih narodov, da prekinejo sodelovanje svojega osebja v taki operaciji, ali
e) upravičenost do ustreznega povračila, izplačljivega v primeru smrti, invalidnosti, poškodbe ali bolezni oseb, ki so jih države prostovoljno napotile v mirovno operacijo Združenih narodov, in je v zvezi s službovanjem v tej operaciji.
21. člen
Pravica do samoobrambe
V tej konvenciji se nič ne razlaga tako, kot da se odstopa od pravice ukrepati v samoobrambi.
22. člen
Reševanje sporov
1. Kakršen koli spor med dvema ali več državami pogodbenicami v zvezi z razlago ali uporabo te konvencije, ki se ne reši s pogajanji, se na zahtevo ene od njih predloži v arbitražo. Če se v šestih mesecih od datuma zahteve za arbitražo pogodbenice ne morejo sporazumeti o arbitraži, lahko katera koli od njih predloži spor Meddržavnemu sodišču v skladu s Statutom sodišča.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko ob podpisu, ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi te konvencije ali pristopu k njej izjavi, da je prvi odstavek v celoti ali delno ne zavezuje. Drugih držav pogodbenic prvi odstavek ali ustrezen del prvega odstavka ne zavezuje v odnosu do vsake države pogodbenice, ki je izrazila takšen pridržek.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica, ki je izrazila pridržek v skladu z drugim odstavkom, lahko ta pridržek kadar koli umakne, tako da o tem uradno obvesti generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov.
23. člen
Pregledni sestanki
Na zahtevo ene ali več držav pogodbenic in če to odobri večina držav pogodbenic, generalni sekretar Združenih narodov skliče sestanek držav pogodbenic, da pregledajo izvajanje konvencije in obravnavajo kakršna koli vprašanja, ki se pojavljajo v zvezi z njeno uporabo.
24. člen
Podpis
Ta konvencija je na voljo za podpis vsem državam do 31. decembra 1995 na sedežu Združenih narodov v New Yorku.
25. člen
Ratifikacija, sprejetje ali odobritev
Konvencija se ratificira, sprejme ali odobri. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
26. člen
Pristop
Konvencija je vsaki državi na voljo za pristop. Listine o pristopu se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
27. člen
Začetek veljavnosti
1. Konvencija začne veljati trideset dni po tem, ko je bilo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov deponiranih dvaindvajset listin o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu.
2. Za vsako državo, ki ratificira, sprejme, odobri konvencijo ali k njej pristopi po deponiranju dvaindvajsete listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu, začne konvencija veljati trideseti dan po tem, ko je ta država deponirala svojo listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu.
28. člen
Odpoved
1. Država pogodbenica lahko to konvencijo odpove s pisnim uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov.
2. Odpoved začne veljati eno leto po datumu, ko generalni sekretar Združenih narodov prejme uradno obvestilo.
29. člen
Verodostojnost besedil
Izvirnik konvencije, katere angleško, arabsko, francosko, kitajsko, rusko in špansko besedilo je enako verodostojno, se deponira pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov, ki overjene kopije pošlje vsem državam.
Sestavljeno v New Yorku devetega decembra tisoč devetsto štiriindevetdeset.
3. člen
Za izvajanje konvencije skrbijo Ministrstvo za zunanje zadeve, Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve, Ministrstvo za pravosodje in Ministrstvo za obrambo.
4. člen
Ta zakon začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 212-02/03-4/1
Ljubljana, dne 2. oktobra 2003
EPA 958-III
Predsednik
Državnega zbora
Republike Slovenije
Borut Pahor l. r.
